Impact of polycystic ovarian metabolic syndrome on female fertility and reproductive health: a literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63688/b9d0cn71Keywords:
polycystic ovarian metabolic syndrome, female fertility, reproductive health, infertility, literature reviewAbstract
Introduction: Polycystic ovarian metabolic syndrome is one of the most common endocrine-metabolic disorders affecting women of reproductive age and is a major cause of infertility and reproductive health disorders. Objective: To analyze the impact of polycystic ovarian metabolic syndrome on female fertility and reproductive health through a review of recent scientific evidence. Method: A qualitative study was conducted using a bibliographic review and documentary research design. The literature search was performed in SciELO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using descriptors related to the syndrome, fertility, and reproductive health. Thirteen scientific articles published between 2021 and 2026 were selected according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The evidence showed that anovulation, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and hormonal imbalance are the main mechanisms responsible for impaired fertility. Furthermore, the syndrome negatively affects reproductive health by increasing the risk of menstrual disorders, metabolic complications, and chronic inflammation. The reviewed studies also highlighted that early diagnosis, lifestyle modification, and multidisciplinary management improve reproductive outcomes. Conclusion: A comprehensive approach to polycystic ovarian metabolic syndrome contributes to optimizing female fertility, preserving reproductive health, and reducing long-term metabolic and reproductive complications.
References
Ayón, A., Vélez, O., García, R., & Parrales, N. (2025). Epidemiología de Trichomonas vaginalis asociada a las repercusiones en la salud reproductiva femenina. Polo del Conocimiento, 10(5), 3799–3814. https://doi.org/10.23857/pc.v10i5.9867
Bailón-Uriza, R., Ayala-Méndez, J. A., Celis-González, C., Chávez-Brambila, J., Hernández-Marín, I., Maldonado-Alvarado, J. D., Montoya-Cossío, J., Molina-Segui, F., May-Hau, A., Riobó-Serván, P., Neri-Ruz, E., Peralta-Sánchez, A., Reyes, E., Rosado-López, R., Santa Rita-Escamilla, M. T., Tena-Alavez, G., & Laviada-Molina, H. (2023). Bebidas de soja y salud femenina: Revisión de la evidencia y opinión de expertos. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 40(5), 1056–1067. https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.04372
Conopuma, M. L., Rivera, O., & Núñez, L. A. (2022). Programa de salud reproductiva y concientización sobre anticoncepción en estudiantes de educación básica. Revista de Investigación de la Universidad Norbert Wiener, 11(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.37768/unw.rinv.11.02.a0012
Eppig Irrazábal, J. E., Bravo Cabezas, G. A., Galarraga López, T. C., & Estrada Segura, G. J. (2025). Interacción entre hormonas y salud reproductiva: El impacto de los trastornos endocrinos en la fertilidad femenina. RECIMUNDO, 9(1), 965–981. https://doi.org/10.26820/recimundo/9.(1).enero.2025.965-981
Felitti, K., & Abdala, L. (2022). Salud sexual y reproductiva en círculos de espiritualidad femenina (Argentina, 2014–2021). Cultura y Religión, 16(2), 56–82. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-47272022000200056
Felles, N. M., Sánchez, M. D., & Martínez, M. M. (2022). Impacto del COVID-19 en la salud reproductiva: Mortalidad materna. Vive Revista de Salud, 5(15), 660–670. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v5i15.177
Gavilanes Sáenz, V. P. (2025). Deficiencia de vitamina D y su influencia en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico: Un enfoque en la salud femenina. Ciencia y Educación, 926–935. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15756262
Giono-Cerezo, S., López-Vidal, Y., & Alcántar-Curiel, M. D. (2026). Infecciones bacterianas y su asociación con la infertilidad femenina: Diagnóstico y perspectivas terapéuticas. Gaceta Médica de México, 162(1), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.24875/GMM.25000256
Guadamuz Delgado, J., Miranda Saavedra, M., & Mora Miranda, N. (2022). Actualización sobre el síndrome de ovario poliquístico. Revista Médica Sinergia, 7(5), e801. https://doi.org/10.31434/rms.v7i5.801
Ichipi, O., Olojede, S., Lawal, S., Azu, O., & Naidu, E. (2026). Exploring the role of medicinal plants and nanotechnology in the management of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): A scoping review. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archives of Pharmacology, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-026-05425-3
Islam, H., Masud, J., Islam, Y. N., & Haque, F. (2022). An update on polycystic ovary syndrome: A review of the current state of knowledge in diagnosis, genetic etiology, and emerging treatment options. Women’s Health, 18, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/17455057221117966
Ordóñez, R. A., Gallardo, L. M., & Romero, I. D. (2024). Nivel cognitivo sobre ovario poliquístico de mujeres en edad reproductiva. Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, 8(3), 7818–7830. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v8i3.11971
Pullas Moyano, L. C. (2025). Elaboración de una guía de nutrición basada en evidencia para prevenir alteraciones en la fertilidad en mujeres en edad reproductiva: Una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva. Impact Research Journal, 3(1), 137–153. https://doi.org/10.63380/irj.v3n1.2025.112
Romero, T. B., de Sousa Sobral, D., Alves Aguiar, L. A., Aben-Athar Ponte, H., Romero Filho, R. E., Rangel Montenegro, A. L., Ramos Maia, M. G., Marques, T. G., de Oliveira Martins, L., & Cavalcante, M. B. (2026). Interconnection between polycystic ovary syndrome, immune disorders, and reproductive outcomes. Reproduction and Fertility, 7(2), RAF-25-0186. https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-25-0186
Salazar, G. A. (2022). Diagnóstico y tratamiento del síndrome de ovario poliquístico e infertilidad. Revista Diversidad Científica, 2(2), 85–93. https://doi.org/10.36314/diversidad.v2i2.41
Shang, Y., Zhou, H., He, R., & Lu, W. (2021). Dietary modification for reproductive health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 12, 735954. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.735954
Song, E., Fang, Y., Li, X., Fu, W., He, H., Gao, Z., Tian, X., & Gao, B. (2026). Balancing metabolic optimization and reproductive safety in polycystic ovary syndrome: A Bayesian-informed framework for GLP-1 receptor agonists. Frontiers in Nutrition, 13, 1809416. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1809416
Tarletta, M., Iraci, G., Mengual, R., Di Carlo, M., Melgarejo, B., Babini, A., … Otta, C. F. (2025). Evaluación endócrino-metabólica de la infertilidad femenina en salud pública: Primeros resultados en el interior del país. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba, 82(3), 555–569. https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v82.n3.46920
Torres, P., Chacho, H., Herráez, K., Campos, M., & Córdova, P. (2026). Impacto de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en la fertilidad femenina: Una revisión sistemática. Horizon Nexus Journal, 4(1), 125–137. https://doi.org/10.70881/hnj/v4/n1/104
Velissariou, M., Athanasiadou, C., Diamanti, A., Lykeridou, A., & Sarantaki, A. (2025). The impact of intermittent fasting on fertility: A focus on polycystic ovary syndrome and reproductive outcomes in women—A systematic review. Metabolism Open, 25, 100341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2024.100341
Yadav, K., Malik, R., Gehlawat, N., Solanki, N., Mohan, S., Abdelwahab, S. I., Taha, M. M. E., Farasani, A., Moshi, J. M., Assiri, A., Alshahrani, S., Sahli, K. A., Shubaily, H. M., Qadri, M., Khardali, A., & Hassan, W. (2026). Therapeutic targets in management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): A comprehensive overview. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/0976500X261438924
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jacqueline Alexandra Jordán Arias, Paola Estefania Salazar Altamirano, Sindy Marleyn García Paz, María José Herrera Manobanda (Autor/a)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
El artículo se distribuye bajo la Licencia Creative Commons Atribución 4.0 . Salvo que se indique lo contrario, el material publicado asociado se distribuye bajo la misma licencia.
