Carbon dots o puntos de carbono: nanopartículas fluorescentes y sus aplicaciones en bioimagen, sensores y fotocatálisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63688/5rz6ct41Palabras clave:
carbon dots, nanopartículas fluorescentes, fotoluminiscencia, bioimagenResumen
Los carbon dots o puntos de carbono son nanomateriales fluorescentes que han despertado gran interés científico debido a sus propiedades ópticas, baja toxicidad, biocompatibilidad, estabilidad fotoquímica y facilidad de funcionalización superficial. Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo analizar los principales aportes científicos sobre los carbon dots como nanopartículas fluorescentes, considerando sus métodos de síntesis, propiedades de fotoluminiscencia y aplicaciones en áreas como biosensores, bioimagen, seguridad alimentaria, fotocatálisis, optoelectrónica y biomedicina. La metodología se basó en la revisión de literatura científica publicada entre 2020 y 2026, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA 2020. Los resultados evidencian que la síntesis verde, el dopaje con heteroátomos y el control de los grupos funcionales superficiales son aspectos clave para mejorar la eficiencia fluorescente de estos nanomateriales. Asimismo, se identificó que los carbon dots presentan un alto potencial para la detección de contaminantes, biomoléculas, antibióticos, pesticidas e iones metálicos. Sin embargo, persisten desafíos relacionados con la reproducibilidad de la síntesis, la purificación, el control del tamaño y la evaluación de su seguridad a largo plazo.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Marlon Jonathan Estrella Semblantes, Jhoni Javier Hoyos Caicedo, Fátima Elizabeth Ruiz Mora, Erika Vanessa Telenchana Pérez, Francisco Javier Pilapaña Muñoz (Autor/a)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
